Nmap Fundamentals

Network scanning is fundamental to penetration testing. This lesson covers nmap fundamentals, building your reconnaissance skills.

Understanding the Topic

TCP/UDP scanning forms the foundation of this topic. In real-world scenarios, attackers leverage this knowledge to identify weaknesses that defenders often overlook. Understanding how nmap fundamentals works at a fundamental level is essential before attempting any practical exercises.

Building on that foundation, service detection becomes critically important. Security professionals encounter this daily, and recognizing the patterns helps you work more efficiently during assessments.

OS fingerprinting represents another key consideration. Many beginners overlook this aspect, but experienced practitioners know it can make the difference between success and failure in real engagements.

Finally, stealth techniques provides the practical context. Knowing when and how to apply these techniques separates theoretical knowledge from actionable skills.

Tools and Environment

For nmap fundamentals, professionals rely on nmap, masscan, rustscan, Zmap. The sandbox terminal on the right provides access to these tools. Familiarize yourself with their basic usage, then answer the questions below to complete this lesson.